Восстановление загрузочной записи GRUB

sudo mkfs.vfat -n ESP /dev/sdf1
sudo mkfs.ext4 -L DEB10 /dev/sdf2

sudo mount /dev/sdf2 /mnt

sudo tar xvpfz /home/alexis/backup.tar.gz -C /mnt

sudo mkdir -p /mnt/boot/efi 
sudo mount /dev/sdf1 /mnt/boot/efi
sudo mkdir -p /mnt/{proc,sys,dev,dev/pts,run}
sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
sudo mount --bind /dev/pts /mnt/dev/pts
sudo mount -t proc proc /mnt/proc
sudo mount -t sysfs sys /mnt/sys
sudo mount -t tmpfs tmp /mnt/run
sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/etc

sudo chroot /mnt /bin/bash
# grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=GRUB && update-grub
# exit

sudo umount -R /mnt
sudo reboot

# tar --numeric-owner -cvpzf /home/alexis/backup.tgz --exclude= ... /

sudo tar xvpfz /home/alexis/backup.tar.gz -C /mnt

sudo mount /dev/sdс2 /mnt
sudo tar xvpfz /home/alexis/backup.tgz -C /mnt

sudo mount /dev/sdd1 /mnt/boot/efi
sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --recheck --removable --efi-directory=/mnt/boot/efi/ --boot-directory=/mnt/boot --verbose

sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys

sudo chroot /mnt

update-grub
nano /etc/fstab
exit

sudo umount -R /mnt

apt install grub-legacy
grub-install /dev/sda
update-drub
exit