Транспонирование матриц

with open("file_name.txt", "r", encoding='utf8') as file:
    lines = file.readlines()
mat1 = []
for i in range(len(lines)):
    row = lines[i].split()
    new_row = []
    for j in row:
        new_row.append(int(j))
    mat1.append(new_row)
mat2=[[] for i in range (len(mat1[0]))]
for i in range (len(mat1)):
    for j in range(len(mat1[i])):
        mat2[j].append(mat1[i][j])
with open('123.txt', 'w') as f:
    for row in mat2:
        f.write(' '.join([str(i) for i in row]) + '\n')

>>> for i in range(1, 10):
...     for j in range(1, 10):
...             print(f"{i * j:5d}", end='')
...     print()
...
    1    2    3    4    5    6    7    8    9
    2    4    6    8   10   12   14   16   18
    3    6    9   12   15   18   21   24   27
    4    8   12   16   20   24   28   32   36
    5   10   15   20   25   30   35   40   45
    6   12   18   24   30   36   42   48   54
    7   14   21   28   35   42   49   56   63
    8   16   24   32   40   48   56   64   72
    9   18   27   36   45   54   63   72   81

from random import randint
 
 
def gen_matrix(n, m, min_, max_):
    matrix = [[randint(min_, max_) for _ in range(m)] for _ in range(n)]
    with open('in.txt', 'w') as file:
        file.writelines(' '.join(map(str, line)) + '\n' for line in matrix)
 
 
def read_matrix():
    with open('in.txt') as file:
        return [line.split() for line in file.readlines()]
 
 
def trans_matrix(matrix):
    return [*zip(*matrix)]
 
 
def write_matrix(matrix):
    width = max(len(max(line, key=len)) for line in matrix)
    with open('out.txt', 'w') as file:
        file.writelines(' '.join(map(lambda x: x.rjust(width), line)) + '\n' for line in matrix)
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    gen_matrix(n=3, m=4, min_=90, max_=110)
    matrix = read_matrix()
    matrix = trans_matrix(matrix)
    write_matrix(matrix)

from random import randint
def out(m):
    for r in m:
        for i in r:
            print(i, end='\t')
        print()
mat1 = [[randint(0, 10) for _ in range(10)] for _ in range(9)]
out(mat1)
mat2 = zip(*mat1)
out(mat2)

from random import randint
def out(m):
    for r in m:
        for i in r:
            print(f"{i:5d}", end='')
        print()
mat1 = [[randint(0, 10) for _ in range(10)] for _ in range(9)]
out(mat1)
mat2 = zip(*mat1)
out(mat2)