DataGridViewCheckBoxColumn

Dim chtype As New DataGridViewCheckBoxColumn
        With chtype
            .Width = 30
            .HeaderText = "Ch"
        End With
  DataGridView1.Columns.Add(chtype)

  Private Sub DataGridView1_CurrentCellDirtyStateChanged(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles DataGridView1.CurrentCellDirtyStateChanged
        Dim Cindex As Integer = DataGridView1.CurrentCell.ColumnIndex
        Dim Rindex As Integer = DataGridView1.CurrentCell.RowIndex
        If Cindex = 5 Then 'нужный столбец
            If CType(DataGridView1(Cindex, Rindex), DataGridViewCheckBoxCell).Value = "false" Then
                DataGridView1.Rows(Rindex).DefaultCellStyle.BackColor = Color.Red
            Else
                DataGridView1.Rows(Rindex).DefaultCellStyle.BackColor = Color.Green
            End If
        End If
    End Sub

 .FalseValue = "false"
            .TrueValue = "true"

Private Sub DataGridView1_CellContentClick(sender As System.Object, e As System.Windows.Forms.DataGridViewCellEventArgs) Handles DataGridView1.CellContentClick
    Dim i As Integer = e.RowIndex, j As Integer = e.ColumnIndex
    Dim colChBoxIndex As Integer = 1 'индекс столбца с анализируемым CheckBox
    If j = colChBoxIndex Then
        Me.Validate()
        If DataGridView1(j, i).Value Then
            DataGridView1.Rows(i).DefaultCellStyle.BackColor = Color.LightGreen
        Else
            DataGridView1.Rows(i).DefaultCellStyle.BackColor = Color.Salmon
        End If
    End If
End Sub